Goto Section: 25.226 | 25.250 | Table of Contents

FCC 25.227
Revised as of October 2, 2015
Goto Year:2014 | 2016
§ 25.227   Blanket licensing provisions for Earth Stations Aboard Aircraft
(ESAAs) receiving in the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth), and 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) frequency bands and
transmitting in the 14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency band, operating
with Geostationary Satellites in the Fixed-Satellite Service.

   (a)  The  following ongoing requirements govern all ESAA licensees and
   operations  in  the  10.95-11.2  GHz  (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
   (space-to-Earth),  11.7-12.2  GHz  (space-to-Earth)  and 14.0-14.5 GHz
   (Earth-to-space)  frequency  bands  receiving from and transmitting to
   geostationary  orbit  satellites  in the Fixed-Satellite Service. ESAA
   licensees shall comply with the requirements in either paragraph (a)(1),
   (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section and all of the requirements set forth in
   paragraphs (a)(4) through (a)(16) and paragraphs (c), (d), and (e) of this
   section.  Paragraph (b) of this section identifies items that shall be
   included in the application for ESAA operations to demonstrate that these
   ongoing requirements will be met.

   (1) The following requirements shall apply to an ESAA that uses transmitters
   with off-axis EIRP spectral-densities lower than or equal to the levels in
   paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. ESAA licensees operating under this
   section shall provide a detailed demonstration as described in paragraph
   (b)(1) of this section. The ESAA transmitter also shall comply with the
   antenna  pointing and cessation of emission requirements in paragraphs
   (a)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section.

   (i) An ESAA licensee shall not exceed the off-axis EIRP spectral-density
   limits and conditions defined in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (D) of this
   subsection.

   (A) The off-axis EIRP spectral-density for co-polarized signals emitted from
   the ESAA, in the plane of the geostationary satellite orbit (GSO) as it
   appears at the particular earth station location, shall not exceed the
   following values:
   15 - 10 log10 (N) - 25 log10θ dBW/4 kHz For 1.5° ≤θ ≤7°
   -6 - 10 log10 (N)             dBW/4 kHz For 7° <θ ≤9.2°
   18 - 10 log10 (N) - 25 log10θ dBW/4 kHz For 9.2° <θ ≤48°
   -24 - 10 log10 (N)            dBW/4 kHz For 48° <θ ≤85°
   -14 - 10 log10 (N)            dBW/4 kHz For 85° <θ ≤180°

   where theta (θ) is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the focal
   point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite in the
   plane of the GSO. The plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of
   the  antenna and the line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital
   location of the target satellite. For ESAA networks using frequency division
   multiple access (FDMA) or time division multiple access (TDMA) techniques, N
   is equal to one. For ESAA networks using multiple co-frequency transmitters
   that  have  the same EIRP density, N is the maximum expected number of
   co-frequency simultaneously transmitting ESAA earth stations in the same
   satellite receiving beam. For the purpose of this subsection, the peak EIRP
   density of an individual sidelobe shall not exceed the envelope defined
   above for θ between 1.5° and 7.0°. For θ greater than 7.0°, the envelope
   shall  be  exceeded  by no more than 10% of the sidelobes, provided no
   individual sidelobe exceeds the envelope given above by more than 3 dB.

   (B)  In  all  directions  other  than along the GSO, the off-axis EIRP
   spectral-density for co-polarized signals emitted from the ESAA shall not
   exceed the following values:
   18 - 10 log10 (N) - 25log log10θ dBW/4 kHz For 3.0° ≤θ ≤48°
   -24 - 10 log10 (N)               dBW/4 kHz For 48° <θ ≤85°
   -14 - 10 log10 (N)               dBW/4kHz  For 85° <θ ≤180°

   where θ and N are defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A). This off-axis EIRP
   spectral-density applies in any plane that includes the line connecting the
   focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite
   with  the  exception  of  the plane of the GSO as defined in paragraph
   (a)(1)(i)(A)  of this section. For the purpose of this subsection, the
   envelope shall be exceeded by no more than 10% of the sidelobes provided no
   individual sidelobe exceeds the EIRP density envelope given above by more
   than  6 dB. The region of the main reflector spillover energy is to be
   interpreted as a single lobe and shall not exceed the envelope by more than
   6 dB.

   (C) The off-axis EIRP spectral-density for cross-polarized signals emitted
   from the ESAA shall not exceed the following values:
   5 - 10 log10 (N) - 25log10θ dBW/4kHz For 1.8° <θ ≤7°
   -16 - 10 log10 (N)          dBW/4kHz For 7° <θ ≤9.2°

   where θ and N are defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A). This off-axis EIRP
   spectral-density applies in the plane of the geostationary satellite orbit
   as it appears at the particular earth station location.

   (ii) Each ESAA transmitter shall meet one of the following antenna pointing
   requirements:

   (A) Each ESAA transmitter shall maintain a pointing error of less than or
   equal to 0.2° between the orbital location of the target satellite and the
   axis of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna; or

   (B) Each ESAA transmitter shall declare a maximum antenna pointing error
   that may be greater than 0.2° provided that the ESAA does not exceed the
   off-axis  EIRP  spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this
   section, taking into account the antenna pointing error.

   (iii) Each ESAA transmitter shall meet one of the following cessation of
   emission requirements:

   (A) For ESAAs operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, all
   emissions from the ESAA shall automatically cease within 100 milliseconds if
   the angle between the orbital location of the target satellite and the axis
   of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna exceeds 0.5°, and transmission shall
   not resume until such angle is less than or equal to 0.2°, or

   (B) For ESAA transmitters operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this
   section, all emissions from the ESAA shall automatically cease within 100
   milliseconds  if  the angle between the orbital location of the target
   satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna exceeds the
   declared maximum antenna pointing error and shall not resume transmissions
   until such angle is less than or equal to the declared maximum antenna
   pointing error.

   (2) The following requirements shall apply to an ESAA, or ESAA system, that
   uses off-axis EIRP spectral-densities in excess of the levels in paragraph
   (a)(1)(i) of this section. An ESAA, or ESAA network, operating under this
   subsection shall file certifications and provide a detailed demonstration as
   described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

   (i) The ESAA shall transmit only to the target satellite system(s) referred
   to in the certifications required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

   (ii)  If  a  good faith agreement cannot be reached between the target
   satellite operator and the operator of a future satellite that is located
   within 6 degrees longitude of the target satellite, the ESAA operator shall
   accept  the  power-density levels that would accommodate that adjacent
   satellite.

   (iii)  The  ESAA  shall  operate  in accordance with the off-axis EIRP
   spectral-densities that the ESAA supplied to the target satellite operator
   in order to obtain the certifications listed in paragraph (b)(2) of this
   section.  The  ESAA  shall  automatically  cease  emissions within 100
   milliseconds  if  the  ESAA  transmitter  exceeds  the  off-axis  EIRP
   spectral-densities  supplied  to  the  target  satellite  operator and
   transmission shall not resume until ESAA conforms to the off-axis EIRP
   spectral densities supplied to the target satellite operator.

   (iv) In the event that a coordination agreement discussed in paragraph
   (b)(2)(ii) of this section is reached, but that coordination agreement does
   not address protection from interference for the earth station, that earth
   station will be protected from interference to the same extent that an earth
   station  that meets the requirements of § 25.209 of this title would be
   protected from interference.

   (3) The following requirements shall apply to an ESAA system that uses
   variable power-density control of individual simultaneously transmitting
   co-frequency ESAA earth stations in the same satellite receiving beam. An
   ESAA  system  operating under this subsection shall provide a detailed
   demonstration as described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.

   (i) The effective aggregate EIRP density from all terminals shall be at
   least 1 dB below the off-axis EIRP density limits defined in paragraph
   (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C), with the value of N = 1. In this context the term
   “effective” means that the resultant co-polarized and cross-polarized EIRP
   density experienced by any GSO or non-GSO satellite shall not exceed that
   produced by a single transmitter operating 1 dB below the limits defined in
   paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C). The individual ESAA transmitter shall
   automatically  cease  emissions  within  100  milliseconds if the ESAA
   transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP density limits minus 1 dB specified
   above.  If one or more ESAA transmitters causes the aggregate off-axis
   EIRP-densities  to  exceed  the off-axis EIRP density limits minus 1dB
   specified above, then the transmitter or transmitters shall cease or reduce
   emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving a command from the system's
   network control and monitoring center. An ESAA system operating under this
   subsection shall provide a detailed demonstration as described in paragraph
   (b)(3)(i) of this section.

   (ii) The following requirements shall apply to an ESAA that uses off-axis
   EIRP spectral-densities in excess of the levels in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of
   this section. An ESAA system operating under this subsection shall file
   certifications  and  provide  a detailed demonstration as described in
   paragraphs (b)(3)(ii) and (b)(3)(iii) of this section.

   (A) If a good faith agreement cannot be reached between the target satellite
   operator and the operator of a future satellite that is located within 6
   degrees longitude of the target satellite, the ESAA shall operate at an EIRP
   density defined in (a)(3)(i) of this section.

   (B)  The  ESAA  shall  operate  in  accordance  with the off-axis EIRP
   spectral-densities that the ESAA supplied to the target satellite operator
   in order to obtain the certifications listed in paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this
   section. The individual ESAA terminals shall automatically cease emissions
   within 100 milliseconds if the ESAA transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP
   spectral-densities supplied to the target satellite operator. The overall
   system shall be capable of shutting off an individual transmitter or the
   entire system if the aggregate off-axis EIRP spectral-densities exceed those
   supplied to the target satellite operator.

   (C) The ESAA shall transmit only to the target satellite system(s) referred
   to in the certifications required by paragraph (b)(3) of this section.

   (4) An applicant filing to operate an ESAA terminal or system and planning
   to use a contention protocol shall certify that its contention protocol use
   will be reasonable.

   (5) There shall be a point of contact in the United States, with phone
   number  and address, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with
   authority and ability to cease all emissions from the ESAA.

   (6) For each ESAA transmitter, a record of the vehicle location (i.e.,
   latitude/longitude/altitude), transmit frequency, channel bandwidth and
   satellite used shall be time annotated and maintained for a period of not
   less than one year. Records shall be recorded at time intervals no greater
   than one (1) minute while the ESAA is transmitting. The ESAA operator shall
   make  this data available, in the form of a comma delimited electronic
   spreadsheet, within 24 hours of a request from the Commission, NTIA, or a
   frequency coordinator for purposes of resolving harmful interference events.
   A description of the units (i.e., degrees, minutes, MHz *  *  *.) in which
   the records values are recorded will be supplied along with the records.

   (7)   In  the  10.95-11.2  GHz  (space-to-Earth)  and  11.45-11.7  GHz
   (space-to-Earth) frequency bands ESAAs shall not claim protection from
   interference from any authorized terrestrial stations to which frequencies
   are either already assigned, or may be assigned in the future.

   (8) An ESAA terminal receiving in the 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) bands
   shall receive protection from interference caused by space stations other
   than  the  target  space  station  only to the degree to which harmful
   interference  would  not  be expected to be caused to an earth station
   employing  an antenna conforming to the referenced patterns defined in
   paragraphs (a) and (b) of section 25.209 and stationary at the location at
   which any interference occurred.

   (9) Each ESAA terminal shall automatically cease transmitting within 100
   milliseconds upon loss of reception of the satellite downlink signal or when
   it detects that unintended satellite tracking has happened or is about to
   happen.

   (10) Each ESAA terminal should be subject to the monitoring and control by
   an NCMC or equivalent facility. Each terminal must be able to receive at
   least “enable transmission” and “disable transmission” commands from the
   NCMC and must automatically cease transmissions immediately on receiving any
   “parameter change command,” which may cause harmful interference during the
   change, until it receives an “enable transmission” command from its NCMC. In
   addition, the NCMC must be able to monitor the operation of an ESAA terminal
   to determine if it is malfunctioning.

   (11) Each ESAA terminal shall be self-monitoring and, should a fault which
   can cause harmful interference to FSS networks be detected, the terminal
   must automatically cease transmissions.

   (12) Unless otherwise stated all ESAA system that comply with the off-axis
   EIRP spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section may
   request Permitted List authority.

   (13)  ESAA  providers  operating  in the international airspace within
   line-of-sight of the territory of a foreign administration where fixed
   service networks have primary allocation in this band, the maximum power
   flux density (pfd) produced at the surface of the Earth by emissions from a
   single aircraft carrying an ESAA terminal should not exceed the following
   values unless the foreign Administration has imposed other conditions for
   protecting its fixed service stations:
   -132 + 0.5 · θ dB(W/(m^2 · MHz)) For θ ≤40°
   -112           dB(W/(m^2 · MHz)) For 40° <θ ≤90°

   Where: θ is the angle of arrival of the radio-frequency wave (degrees above
   the horizontal) and the aforementioned limits relate to the pfd and angles
   of arrival would be obtained under free-space propagation conditions.

   (14)  All  ESAA  terminals  operated  in  U.S.  airspace,  whether  on
   U.S.-registered civil aircraft or non-U.S.-registered civil aircraft, must
   be licensed by the Commission. All ESAA terminals on U.S.-registered civil
   aircraft  operating  outside  of U.S. airspace must be licensed by the
   Commission, except as provided by section 303(t) of the Communications Act.

   (15) For ESAA systems operating over international waters, ESAA operators
   will certify that their target space station operators have confirmed that
   proposed ESAA operations are within coordinated parameters for adjacent
   satellites up to 6 degrees away on the geostationary arc.

   (16) Prior to operations within the foreign nation's airspace, the ESAA
   operator will ascertain whether the relevant administration has operations
   that could be affected by ESAA terminals, and will determine whether that
   administration has adopted specific requirements concerning ESAA operations.
   When  the aircraft enters foreign airspace, the ESAA terminal would be
   required to operate under the Commission's rules, or those of the foreign
   administration, whichever is more constraining. To the extent that all
   relevant administrations have identified geographic areas from which ESAA
   operations would not affect their radio operations, ESAA operators would be
   free to operate within those identified areas without further action. To the
   extent  that  the  foreign administration has not adopted requirements
   regarding ESAA operations, ESAA operators would be required to coordinate
   their operations with any potentially affected operations.

   (b) Applications for ESAA operation in the 14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space)
   band to GSO satellites in the Fixed-Satellite Service shall include, in
   addition  to  the particulars of operation identified on Form 312, and
   associated Schedule B, the applicable technical demonstrations in paragraphs
   (b)(1), (b)(2) or (b)(3) and the documentation identified in paragraphs
   (b)(4) through (b)(8) of this section.

   (1) An ESAA applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
   (a)(1) of this section shall demonstrate that the transmitter meets the
   off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits contained in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of
   this section. To provide this demonstration, the application shall include
   the  tables  described  in  paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section or the
   certification described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section. The ESAA
   applicant also shall provide the value N described in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A)
   of this section. An ESAA applicant proposing to implement a transmitter
   under  paragraph  (a)(1)(ii)(A)  of  this  section  shall  provide the
   certifications identified in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section. An ESAA
   applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B)
   of this section shall provide the demonstrations identified in paragraph
   (b)(1)(iv) of this section.

   (i) Any ESAA applicant filing an application pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of
   this section shall file three tables and/or graphs depicting off-axis EIRP
   density masks defined by § 25.227(a) and measured off-axis EIRP density
   levels of the proposed earth station antenna in the direction of the plane
   of the GSO; the co-polarized EIRP density in the elevation plane, that is,
   the plane perpendicular to the plane of the GSO; and cross-polarized EIRP
   density. Each table shall provide the EIRP density level at increments of
   0.1° for angles between 0° and 10° off-axis, and at increments of 5° for
   angles between 10° and 180° off-axis.

   (A) For purposes of the off-axis EIRP density table in the plane of the GSO,
   the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the
   focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite,
   and the plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of the antenna and
   the line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital position of the target
   satellite.

   (B) For purposes of the off-axis co-polarized EIRP density table in the
   elevation plane, the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the line
   connecting the focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the
   target  satellite,  and  the  elevation  plane is defined as the plane
   perpendicular to the plane of the GSO defined in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A) of
   this section.

   (C) For purposes of the cross-polarized EIRP density table, the off-axis
   angle is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the focal point of
   the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite and the plane of
   the GSO as defined in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A) of this section will be used.

   (ii) An ESAA applicant shall include a certification, in Schedule B, that
   the ESAA antenna conforms to the gain pattern criteria of § 25.209(a) and
   (b), that, combined with the maximum input power density calculated from the
   EIRP  density  less  the antenna gain, which is entered in Schedule B,
   demonstrates that the off-axis EIRP spectral density envelope set forth in
   paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (a)(1)(i)(C) of this section will be met
   under the assumption that the antenna is pointed at the target satellite.

   (iii) An ESAA applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
   (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section shall:

   (A) Demonstrate that the total tracking error budget of their antenna is
   within 0.2° or less between the orbital location of the target satellite and
   the axis of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna. As part of the engineering
   analysis, the ESAA applicant must show that the antenna pointing error is
   within three sigma () from the mean value, i.e., that there is a 0.997
   probability the antenna maintains a pointing error within 0.2°; and

   (B) Demonstrate that the antenna tracking system is capable of ceasing
   emissions within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital location
   of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna
   exceeds 0.5°.

   (iv) An ESAA applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
   (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this section shall:

   (A)  Declare, in its application, a maximum antenna pointing error and
   demonstrate that the maximum antenna pointing error can be achieved without
   exceeding the off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(i)
   of this section; and

   (B) Demonstrate that the ESAA transmitter can detect if the transmitter
   exceeds  the  declared  maximum  antenna  pointing error and can cease
   transmission  within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital
   location of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESAA
   antenna exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error, and will not
   resume transmissions until the angle between the orbital location of the
   target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESAA antenna is less
   than or equal to the declared maximum antenna pointing error.

   (2) An ESAA applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
   (a)(2) of this section and using off-axis EIRP spectral-densities in excess
   of the levels in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section shall provide the
   following certifications and demonstration as exhibits to its earth station
   application:

   (i) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
   proposed  operation  of  the  ESAA has the potential to create harmful
   interference to satellite networks adjacent to the target satellite(s) that
   may be unacceptable.

   (ii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
   power  density  levels  that the ESAA applicant provided to the target
   satellite operator are consistent with the existing coordination agreements
   between its satellite(s) and the adjacent satellite systems within 6° of
   orbital separation from its satellite(s).

   (iii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that it will
   include  the  power-density levels of the ESAA applicant in all future
   coordination agreements.

   (iv) A demonstration from the ESAA operator that the ESAA system will comply
   with all coordination agreements reached by the satellite operator and is
   capable  of  detecting  and automatically ceasing emissions within 100
   milliseconds   when   the   transmitter   exceeds  the  off-axis  EIRP
   spectral-densities supplied to the target satellite operator.

   (3) An ESAA applicant proposing to implement an ESAA system under paragraph
   (a)(3)  of  this  section  and using variable power-density control of
   individual simultaneously transmitting co-frequency ESAA earth stations in
   the same satellite receiving beam shall provide the following certifications
   and demonstration as exhibits to its earth station application:

   (i) The applicant shall make a detailed showing of the measures it intends
   to  employ  to  maintain the effective aggregate EIRP density from all
   simultaneously transmitting co-frequency terminals operating with the same
   satellite transponder at least 1 dB below the off-axis EIRP density limits
   defined in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) of this section. In this
   context the term “effective” means that the resultant co-polarized and
   cross-polarized EIRP density experienced by any GSO or non-GSO satellite
   shall not exceed that produced by a single ESAA transmitter operating at 1
   dB below the limits defined in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) of this
   section. The ESAA applicant also shall provide a detailed showing that one
   or  more transmitters are capable of automatically ceasing or reducing
   emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving a command from the system's
   network control and monitoring center that the aggregate off-axis EIRP
   spectral-densities of the transmitter or transmitters exceed the off-axis
   EIRP-density limits specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section. The
   International Bureau will place this showing on public notice along with the
   application.

   (ii) An applicant proposing to implement an ESAA system under paragraph
   (a)(3)(ii) of this section that uses off-axis EIRP spectral-densities in
   excess of the levels in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section shall provide
   the  following certifications, demonstration and list of satellites as
   exhibits to its earth station application:

   (A) A detailed showing of the measures the applicant intends to employ to
   maintain  the effective aggregate EIRP density from all simultaneously
   transmitting  co-frequency terminals operating with the same satellite
   transponder at the EIRP density limits supplied to the target satellite
   operator. The International Bureau will place this showing on Public Notice
   along with the application.

   (B) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
   proposed  operation  of  the  ESAA has the potential to create harmful
   interference to satellite networks adjacent to the target satellite(s) that
   may be unacceptable.

   (C) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
   aggregate power-density levels that the ESAA applicant provided to the
   target satellite operator are consistent with the existing coordination
   agreements between its satellite(s) and the adjacent satellite systems
   within 6° of orbital separation from its satellite(s).

   (D) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that it will
   include the aggregate power-density levels of the ESAA applicant in all
   future coordination agreements.

   (E) A demonstration from the ESAA operator that the ESAA system is capable
   of detecting and automatically ceasing emissions within 100 milliseconds
   when an individual transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities
   supplied to the target satellite operator and that the overall system is
   capable of shutting off an individual transmitter or the entire system if
   the aggregate off-axis EIRP spectral-densities exceed those supplied to the
   target satellite operator.

   (F) An identification of the specific satellite or satellites with which the
   ESAA system will operate.

   (4) There shall be an exhibit included with the application describing the
   geographic area(s) in which the ESAA will operate.

   (5) Any ESAA applicant filing for an ESAA terminal or system and planning to
   use a contention protocol shall include in its application a certification
   that will comply with the requirements of paragraph (a)(4) of this section.

   (6) The point of contact referred to in paragraph (a)(5) of this section
   shall be included in the application.

   (7) Any ESAA applicant filing for an ESAA terminal or system shall include
   in its application a certification that will comply with the requirements of
   paragraphs (a)(6), (a)(9), (a)(10), and (a)(11) of this section.

   (8) All ESAA applicants shall submit a radio frequency hazard analysis
   determining via calculation, simulation, or field measurement whether ESAA
   terminals, or classes of terminals, will produce power densities that will
   exceed the Commission's radio frequency exposure criteria. ESAA applicants
   with ESAA terminals that will exceed the guidelines in § 1.1310 of this
   chapter for radio frequency radiation exposure shall provide, with their
   environmental assessment, a plan for mitigation of radiation exposure to the
   extent required to meet those guidelines. All ESAA licensees shall ensure
   installation of ESAA terminals on aircraft by qualified installers who have
   an understanding of the antenna's radiation environment and the measures
   best  suited  to maximize protection of the general public and persons
   operating the vehicle and equipment. An ESAA terminal exhibiting radiation
   exposure levels exceeding 1.0 mW/cm2 in accessible areas, such as at the
   exterior surface of the radome, shall have a label attached to the surface
   of the terminal warning about the radiation hazard and shall include thereon
   a diagram showing the regions around the terminal where the radiation levels
   could exceed 1.0 mW/cm2.

   (c)(1) Operations of ESAAs in the 14.0-14.2 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency
   band  in  the radio line-of-sight of the NASA TDRSS facilities on Guam
   (latitude 13°36′55″ N, longitude 144°51′22″ E) or White Sands, New Mexico
   (latitude 32°20′59″ N, longitude 106°36′31″ W and latitude 32°32′40″ N,
   longitude  106°36′48″ W) are subject to coordination with the National
   Aeronautics  and  Space  Administration  (NASA)  through  the National
   Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Interdepartment
   Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC). Licensees shall notify the International
   Bureau  once  they  have  completed coordination. Upon receipt of such
   notification from a licensee, the International Bureau will issue a public
   notice  stating  that  the licensee may commence operations within the
   coordination zone in 30 days if no party has opposed the operations.

   (2) When NTIA seeks to provide similar protection to future TDRSS sites that
   have been coordinated through the IRAC Frequency Assignment Subcommittee
   process, NTIA will notify the Commission's International Bureau that the
   site  is  nearing  operational  status.  Upon  public  notice from the
   International Bureau, all Ku-band ESAA licensees shall cease operations in
   the 14.0-14.2 GHz band within radio line-of-sight of the new TDRSS site
   until the licensees complete coordination with NTIA/IRAC for the new TDRSS
   facility. Licensees shall notify the International Bureau once they have
   completed  coordination  for  the new TDRSS site. Upon receipt of such
   notification from a licensee, the International Bureau will issue a public
   notice  stating  that  the licensee may commence operations within the
   coordination zone in 30 days if no party has opposed the operations. The
   ESAA licensee then will be permitted to commence operations in the 14.0-14.2
   GHz band within radio line-of-sight of the new TDRSS site, subject to any
   operational constraints developed in the coordination process.

   (d)(1) Operations of ESAA in the 14.47-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency
   band  in  the  radio  line-of-sight  of  radio astronomy service (RAS)
   observatories  observing  in  the  14.47-14.5  GHz band are subject to
   coordination with the National Science Foundation (NSF). The appropriate NSF
   contact point to initiate coordination is Electromagnetic Spectrum Manager,
   NSF, 4201 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1045, Arlington VA 22203, fax 703-292-9034,
   email esm@nsf.gov. Licensees shall notify the International Bureau once they
   have completed coordination. Upon receipt of the coordination agreement from
   a licensee, the International Bureau will issue a public notice stating that
   the licensee may commence operations within the coordination zone in 30 days
   if no party has opposed the operations.

   (2) A list of applicable RAS sites and their locations can be found in
   § 25.226(d)(2) Table 1.

   (3) When NTIA seeks to provide similar protection to future RAS sites that
   have been coordinated through the IRAC Frequency Assignment Subcommittee
   process, NTIA will notify the Commission's International Bureau that the
   site  is  nearing  operational  status.  Upon  public  notice from the
   International Bureau, all Ku-band ESAA licensees shall cease operations in
   the 14.47-14.5 GHz band within the relevant geographic zone of the new RAS
   site until the licensees complete coordination for the new RAS facility.
   Licensees shall notify the International Bureau once they have completed
   coordination  for  the  new RAS site and shall submit the coordination
   agreement  to the Commission. Upon receipt of such notification from a
   licensee, the International Bureau will issue a public notice stating that
   the licensee may commence operations within the coordination zone in 30 days
   if no party has opposed the operations. The ESAA licensee then will be
   permitted to commence operations in the 14.47-14.5 GHz band within the
   relevant coordination distance around the new RAS site, subject to any
   operational constraints developed in the coordination process.

   [ 78 FR 14927 , Mar. 8, 2013, as amended at  79 FR 8324 , Feb. 12, 2014;  79 FR 26868 , May 12, 2014]

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